In order to start a business in Germany, you must take into account the immigration regulations that regulate all those who are considered INTERNATIONAL.  

The first thing to consider is the type of VISA:

I. Self-employed work visa

This visa has been created for people who wish to set up a business or work on their own account. If this is your case, you have the possibility to apply for a self-employed visa. However, you should be aware that different conditions apply to each business and/or self-employment activity.

It is good to do this process before you enter the country and keep in mind that there will always be three principles that you must demonstrate in order to be approved for a visa: 

   1. It must be an activity that is in demand on German territory. 

   2. It must help the development of the region and, in general, the German economy. 

   3. And last but not least, you must prove that you have the funds to start up your project.  

To find out whether you need a visa to travel to Germany for these reasons, we recommend that you visit https://www.make-it-in-germany.com/es/  and check the section Who needs a visa?

II. Working as a self-employed person

If you want to come to Germany or if you are already in Germany and want to become self-employed in a liberal profession, you have the possibility to apply for a specific residence permit. However, it is important to note that this visa or residence permit for self-employed persons is initially granted for a maximum period of three years. However, this period can be extended if your business idea is successful and you can prove that you can support yourself and your family. Please note that this extension also applies to the members of your family who live with you. 

For this purpose (exercising a liberal profession) you have to rely on the provisions of § 21 para. 5 of the Residence Act (AufenthG). And of course you must comply with the following: 

   1. You must prove that you have funding for your project. 

   2. You must have the authorisation to practise the profession in which you wish to establish yourself.  We recommend that you check the lists of professions that are approved for this type of activity.   

It is important to bear in mind that if you are over 45 years of age, you must prove that you have a sufficient retirement plan.
 

What prospects does a self-employed visa offer you?

The visa or residence permit for the self-employed is known as: The residence permit.

The residence permitwill initially be granted for a maximum period of three years. If your business idea is successful and you are able to finance you and your family's livelihood, your residence permit may be extended.

III. For Entrepreneurs

If you are already clear and want to set up a business, you can apply for a residence permit under § 21 para. 1 of the Residence Act (AufenthG), or in other words for Visa 21. 

In order to obtain it, you still have to fulfil the following requirements: 

   1. if there is an economic interest or a regional need for the product or service you are offering. 

   2. If your activity can be expected to have a positive impact on the economy. 

  3. If you have secured financing for your business through your own capital or if you already have an    approved credit. 

  4. If you are over 45 years of age, you can only be granted a visa if you also have a suitable retirement plan.

ADDITIONAL NOTE: 

It is worth noting that having a well-structured Business Plan will give you a better chance of obtaining such permits.